Case report: Highly response to low-dose brachytherapy in recurrent retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma with FANCD2 frameshift mutation: a unique case study.

We report a case of recurrent retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma in a male who achieved a rapid and robust but transient clinical response to low-dose iodine-125 brachytherapy. A FANCD2 frameshift mutation was detected by gene sequencing in the cancerous tissue.

Healthcare professionals' perspectives on the challenges with managing polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-synthesis.

OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of healthcare professionals' experience of PCOS management and identify the relevant facilitators and barriers. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL database from the earliest available date to April 2023. Qualitative and mixed methods studies that described healthcare professionals' experiences of PCOS management were included. RESULTS: A total of 74 findings were extracted from the 8 included studies, which were categorized into facilitators and barriers. The barriers were meta-aggregated into four themes: the weakness of clinical evidence; women's low adherence to PCOS management; various obstacles that healthcare professionals face, and the influence of social environment and culture. The facilitators were meta-aggregated into three themes: chronic disease healthcare plan, communication techniques and healthcare professionals' ability and awareness. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study have the potential to improve the care provided to women with PCOS. However, it is important for national health professionals and policy markers to consider the cultural context of their own country when implementing these findings. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study illustrated several challenges in managing the heterogeneous condition of PCOS and provide insights for the development of medical policies and future research directions.

Unprecedented sesterterpenoids, orientanoids A-C: discovery, bioinspired total synthesis and antitumor immunity.

Sesterterpenoids are a very rare class of important natural products. Three new skeletal spiro sesterterpenoids, named orientanoids A-C (1-3), were isolated from Hedyosmum orientale. Their structures were determined by a combination of spectroscopic data, X-ray crystallography, and total synthesis. To obtain adequate materials for biological research, the bioinspired total syntheses of 1-3 were effectively achieved in 7-8 steps in overall yields of 2.3-6.4% from the commercially available santonin without using any protecting groups. In addition, this work also revised the stereochemistry of hedyosumins B (6) and C (10) as 11R-configuration. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have emerged as important therapeutic targets in cancer therapy. The in-depth biological evaluation revealed that these sesterterpenoids antagonized the protumoral and immunosuppressive functional phenotype of macrophages in vitro. Among them, the most potent and major compound 1 inhibited protumoral M2-like macrophages and activated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, and consequently inhibited tumor growth in vivo.

Iodine-125 Brachytherapy for Palliative Treatment of Painful Colorectal Cancer Port-Site Metastases.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the treatment process of a case of Iodine-125 Brachytherapy for Palliative Treatment of Painful Colorectal Cancer Port-Site Metastases. METHODS: We present a case report of multifocal port-site metastases ( PSMs ) that developed in a patient with stage IV ascending colonic adenocarcinoma and mucinous cancer following laparoscopic surgery. After multiline therapy failed, painful PSMs treated with repeated iodine-125 seed implantation. RESULTS: Severe abdominal discomfort were eventually successfully managed after receiving iodine-125 brachytherapy. CONCLUSION: For painful PSMs, iodine-125 brachytherapy can be a safe and effective treatment option.

CT-guided iodine-125 brachytherapy as salvage therapy for local-regional recurrent breast cancer.

Background: The treatment of local-regional recurrent breast cancer (BC) after external beam radiotherapy is challenging. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous iodine-125 brachytherapy for local recurrent BC. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 15 patients with local recurrent BC treated with CT-guided interstitial implantation of iodine-125 seeds. Regular contrast-enhanced CT was conducted to evaluate the tumor response. Follow-up survival, quality of life, and adverse events were analyzed. Results: Among the 15 patients, five were elderly patients (older than 80 years) and six were complicated with chronic underlying diseases. The median number of 125I seeds implantation was 33 (range: 20-130) with median dose 90 (D90, the minimum dose covering 90% of the target volume) of 108 Gy (range: 60-120 Gy). There was no significant difference in D90, V100 (the volume of the target receiving 100% of the prescription dose), and V150 (the volume of the target receiving 150% of the prescription dose) before and after operation (p > 0.05). The median follow-up was 14 months (range: 6-18 months). Six months after operation, the ORR was 66.7% (10/15) and the LCR was 93.3% (14/15). The 6- and 12-month survival rates were 100 and 41.6%, respectively, and the median survival time was 12.5 months. PS score decreased from 1.53 ± 0.81 to 0.53 ± 0.49. The pain score decreased from 2.87 ± 1.67 before operation to 1.07 ± 1.18 after operation, and the differences were statistically significant (p< 0.05). No severe complications occurred. Conclusions: CT-guided iodine-125 brachytherapy provided a safe and effective choice for recurrent BC with significant local therapeutic effects and minor complications, especially for elderly patients with chronic underlying disease and those who were not eligible for surgical resection and had failed to benefit from systemic therapy.

Highly Modified Sesquiterpene Lactones with Cytotoxic Activities from Strobocalyx chunii.

Three new germacranolide sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), strochunolides A-C (1-3, respectively), and a new guaianolide SL, strochunolide D (4), were isolated from Strobocalyx chunii and structurally characterized. Compound 1 is the first example of a dihomo-germacranolide SL, characterized by an unprecedented 6/10/5 tricyclic scaffold incorporating an additional fused δ-lactone C-ring. The structure of a known germacranolide SL, spicatolide C (5), was revised as its 8-epimer. Compound 3 exhibited potent in vitro cytotoxic activity against the HL-60 cell line, with an IC50 value of 0.18 ± 0.01 µM.

Maternal tamoxifen exposure leads to abnormal primordial follicle assembly.

Tamoxifen (TAM) is an accredited drug used for treatment and prevention of breast cancer. Due to the long-term taking and the trend for women to delay childbearing, inadvertent conception occasionally occurs during TAM treatment. To explore the effects of TAM on a fetus, pregnant mice at gestation day 16.5 were orally administrated with different concentrations of TAM. Molecular biology techniques were used to analyze the effects of TAM on primordial follicle assembly of female offspring and the mechanism. It was found that maternal TAM exposure affected primordial follicle assembly and damaged the ovarian reserve in 3 dpp offspring. Up to 21 dpp, the follicular development had not recovered, with significantly decreased antral follicles and decreased total follicle number after maternal TAM exposure. Cell proliferation was significantly inhibited; however, the cell apoptosis was induced by maternal TAM exposure. Epigenetic regulation was also involved in the process of TAM induced abnormal primordial follicle assembly. The changed levels of H3K4me3, H3K9me3, and H3K27me3 presented the function of histone methylation in the regulation of the effects of maternal TAM exposure on the reproduction of female offspring. Moreover, the changed level of RNA m6A modification and the changed expression of genes related to transmethylation and demethylation proved the role of m6A in the process. Maternal TAM exposure led to abnormal primordial follicle assembly and follicular development by affecting cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and epigenetics.

Curcumin Alleviates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation.

BACKGROUND: Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common innate immune-mediated sterile inflammatory response in liver transplantation and liver tumor resection. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) can aggravate liver injury and activates innate immune response in the process of liver IRI. However, Curcumin (Cur) can reverse this damage and reduce NETs formation. Nevertheless, the specific regulatory mechanism is still unclear in liver IRI. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms that how does Cur alleviate hepatic IRI by inhibits NETs production and develop novel treatment regimens. METHODS: We established a hepatic IRI model by subjecting C57BL/6J mice to 60 min of ischemia, followed by reperfusion for 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h respectively. Subsequently, we were separated into 5 groups, namely the I/R group, Cur group, DNase-1 group, Cur + DNase1 group and sham operation group. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunofluorescence, and TUNEL analysis were applied to assess liver injury degree and NETs levels. Western blot assay was used to detect the protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins and MEK pathway proteins. RESULTS: Cur could alleviate hepatic IRI by inhibiting the generation of NETs via suppressing the MEK/ERK pathway. In addition, this study also revealed that DNase-1 is vital for alleviating hepatic IRI by reducing the generation of NETs. CONCLUSIONS: Cur combined with DNase-1 was more effective than the two drugs administered alone in alleviating hepatic IRI by inhibiting the generation of NETs. These results also suggested that curcumin combined with DNase-1 was a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate hepatic IRI.

A new technique for trans-perirectal iodine-125 seed implantation in prostatic cancer guided by CT and 3D printed template: Two case reports.

Low-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy with permanent iodine-125 is an important curative treatment for low-risk prostate cancer, and it has been demonstrated that brachytherapy with permanent seeds is an effective treatment. However, differences in prostate volume, spatial location, and gland deformation between images obtained in the pre-planning phase and those obtained during the implantation procedure affect accurate delivery of the pre-planned dose. Furthermore, the complicated procedure could be a burden to elderly patients, for example, the risks associated with general anesthesia. In addition, ultrasound images are not as clear as computed tomography (CT) images with regard to identifying the location of seeds. Therefore, a new method for guidance during the procedure is urgently needed. Here, we have described a new method for precise trans-perirectal insertion of radioactive iodine-125 seeds in patients with prostate cancer under the guidance of CT and a 3D-printed template. These are some of the advantages of this technique over the standard procedure for seed implantation in the prostate: It requires only local anesthesia, the pre-planning phase can be completed before the procedure, and the operation time is considerably shorter. This report describes trans-pararectal iodine-125 seed brachytherapy for prostate cancer under local anesthesia and the guidance of a 3D printed template in two elderly patients. The dose parameters determined in the preoperative planning phase were verified postoperatively and found to be consistent. Further, the procedure was completely successfully with no major complications in both cases, and the patients' prostate-specific antigen levels were normal at the most recent follow-up conducted 50 months after the procedure. Therefore, this technique seems promising for prostate cancer brachytherapy, and its application needs to be researched and extended further in the future.

Genomic Analysis and Characterization of Pseudotabrizicola formosa sp. nov., a Novel Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacterium, Isolated from Sayram Lake Water.

Aerobic anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (AAPB) are a kind of heterotrophic prokaryote that can use bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) for photosynthesis without oxygen production and they are widely distributed in aquatic environments, including oceans, lakes, and rivers. A novel aerobic anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterium strain XJSPT was isolated during a study of water microbial diversity in Sayram Lake, Xinjiang Province, China. Strain XJSPT was found to grow optimally at 33 °C, pH 7.5 with 1.0% (w/v) NaCl, and to produce bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and concatenated alignment sequences of 120 ubiquitous single-copy proteins both supported that strain XJSPT belonged to the genus Pseudotabrizicola. Both average nucleotide identity (ANI) and DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) values were below the species delineation threshold. The primary polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unknown lipid, and one unidentified phospholipid. Based on the results of polyphasic analyses performed in this study, strain XJSPT represents a new member of the genus Pseudotabrizicola, for which the name Pseudotabrizicola formosa sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XJSPT (=KCTC 52636T = MCCC 1H00184T = SDUM 107003T). Comparative genomic analysis showed that four species of the genus Pseudotabrizicola shared 2570 core genes and possessed a complete anoxygenic photosystem II.

Case report: 125I seed implantation for rare malignant solitary fibrous tumor in the pelvic cavity: a case report.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare spindle cell tumor, benign or low-grade malignant, with an extremely low possibility of occurrence of malignant solitary fibrous tumor (MSFT). Surgery is an effective way for treating SFT, but it is often difficult to resect completely due to a large size, with a high recurrence rate and mortality rate after operation. Additionally, SFT is relatively resistant to chemotherapy, and there is a lack of effective systemic drug treatment. These lead to certain difficulties in the treatment of SFT. We report a case of a rare MSFT in the pelvic cavity. With a history of recurrence after two surgeries, this patient underwent surgical removal combined with 125I seed implantation at our hospital in the context that the tumor could not be completely removed because it was large and adhered to surrounding tissues; after up to 43 months of progression-free survival (PFS), the patient underwent 125I seed implantation alone, and achieved a complete remission, with a PFS up to 35 months. 125I seed implantation can be a safe and effective treatment option for unresectable MSFT as well as a potential solution to repeated local recurrence.

Maternal ochratoxin A exposure impairs meiosis progression and primordial follicle formation of F1 offspring.

Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium fungi, widely contaminates feed, food and their raw materials. OTA has been proved to have hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Its reproductive toxicity needs to be further explored. We found that OTA inhibited the progression of meiosis, keeping more germ cells at leptotene and zygotene. Furthermore, OTA impaired primordial follicle formation, keeping more germ cells in cysts. Increased γH2AX suggested that DNA damage occurred both at the stages of meiosis and primordial follicle formation. The expression of RAD51 increased with the concentration of OTA at the stage of meiosis, while decreased later, suggesting the activated DNA repair induced by DNA damage then inhibited by persistent and excessive stress of DNA damage, which further induced apoptosis. DEGs caused by OTA were also mainly enriched in DNA damage and repair through RNA-seq analysis. Higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased degree of oxidative damage marker 8-OHdG were both found in the ovaries exposed to OTA. We concluded that maternal OTA exposure affected meiosis progression and primordial follicle formation via oxidative damage and DNA repair. Clarification of the mechanism of OTA will contribute to the development of more effective detoxification strategies.

Phorneroids A-M, diverse types of diterpenoids from Euphorbia neriifolia.

A chemical investigation on the aerial parts of Euphorbia neriifolia led to the identification of thirteen undescribed diterpenoids, phorneroids A-M, including ent-abietane (A-D), ent-kaurane (E-G), ent-atisane (H-K), and ent-isopimarane (L and M) types, together with three known compounds. Phorneroid A represents the first example of 8-spiro-fused 9,10-seco-ent-abietane diterpenoid lactone featuring a unique 6/5/6/5 spirocyclic framework. Biological assays showed that some of the compounds displayed moderate cytotoxicity against two human tumor cell lines, A549 and HL-60.

Enhanced cadmium immobilization by sulfate-mediated microbial zero-valent iron corrosion.

A biotic iron (Fe0) treatment system combined with mixed microorganisms was applied to remediate cadmium (Cd)-contaminated groundwater under the intervention of sulfate. Due to hydrogenotrophic desulfuration effect, severe iron corrosion was observed in this microbe-collaborative Fe0 system according to surface morphology analysis as lots of secondary minerals (e.g. magnetite, green rust and lepidocrocite) were generated, which was essential for Cd(II) adsorption and immobilization. The sulfate-mediated biotic Fe0 system thereafter achieved a significantly enhanced Cd(II) removal efficiency of 86.1%, over 3.3 times than that in the abiotic Fe0 system. Increasing initial sulfate concentration could improve the removal of cadmium, which further proved that hydrogenotrophic desulfuration played a key role for enhanced Cd removal. According to the experimental results and current reports, the mechanism of Cd(II) removal was revealed into three pathways including adsorption to secondary iron minerals, co-precipitation with iron (hydr)oxides and formation of cadmium sulfide precipitation. Increasing Fe0 dosages showed positive correlation to Cd(II) removal and neutral pH was preferred to sulfate-mediated biotic Fe0 corrosion. These results indicated that sulfate-mediated biotic Fe0 corrosion could greatly relieve the limitation of Fe0 in Cd(II) immobilization, which could be a promising method to eliminate Cd(II) pollution from groundwater.

Sublyratins A-O, Labdane-Type Diterpenoids from Croton sublyratus.

Fifteen new labdane-type diterpenoids, sublyratins A-O (1-15), along with four known analogues (16-19) were isolated from the aerial parts of Croton sublyratus. Their structural assignments were challenging due to the stereoisomeric features evident and were achieved by analyzing comprehensively the spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism spectra and using X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 9 and 16-18 displayed cytotoxic activity against the HL-60 cell line with IC50 values of 1.5-2.8 µM.

Comparison of three-dimensional-printed template-guided and traditional implantation of 125I seeds for gynecological tumors: A dosimetric and efficacy study.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to compare the dose parameter and clinical efficacy of three-dimensional-printed template (3D-PT)-guided and traditional 125I seed implantation in treatment of gynecological tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 28 patients with gynecological tumors treated with radioactive seed implantation in Hebei General Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Twelve patients (template group) were guided by 3D-PT and the remaining 16 patients (traditional group) were guided by computed tomography (CT) with traditional technique. Preoperative treatment plan (preplan) was completed through a treatment planning system. In the template group, 3D-PT was printed according to preplan and seeds were implanted under the guidance of 3D-PT and CT. In the traditional group, seeds were implanted under the guidance of single CT directly according to the preplan. Postoperative verification plan (post-plan) was completed. Dose-volume histogram (DVH) was calculated and D80, D90, V90, V100, and V150 were obtained according to DVH. Then, deviation of the dosimetric parameters D80, D90, V90, V100, and V150 between the preplan and postplan were compared within the two groups. The difference and percentage of difference of the above dosimetric parameters between the preplan and postplan within the two groups were calculated using the formula Xd = Xpost-plan- Xpre-plan, and Xd% = (Xpost-plan- Xpre-plan)/Xpre-plan × 100%. Doses were calculated to determine whether the differences there were statistically significant. Efficacy evaluation was completed according to RECISIT 1.1. Local control rate and effective rate of 2-months postplan were compared between the two groups. Survival analysis was completed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The patients were followed up for 12 months, and their survival rate was calculated and compared. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups for all the parameters, except for D80 of the preplan and postplan in the traditional group (P = 0.000). All the differences and percentage of difference were calculated and it was found that the Xd difference of D80 (P = 0.035), D90 (P = 0.023), V90 (P = 0.047), V100 (P = 0.032), and V150 (P = 0.031), as well as the Xd% difference of D80 (P = 0.032), D90 (P = 0.034), V90 (P = 0.042), V100 (P = 0.036), and V150 (P = 0.044) of the two groups was statistically significant, thus indicating that the dosimetric parameter fluctuation in the template group was more stable. The result of the curative effect after 2 months were as follows: the local control rate and effective rate of the template group were 100% (12/12) and 83.3% (10/12), while those of the traditional group were 100% (16/16) and 81.2% (13/16). There was no statistically significant difference in the curative effect between the two groups. After 6-27 months (median = 12 months) of follow-up, the median survival time of the template group and traditional group were 17 (10-23) and 16 (11-20) months, respectively, and the 1-year overall survival rate was 63% and 79% (P = 0.111), respectively, with no statistically significant difference observed. CONCLUSION: 3D-PT-guided 125I seed implantation is safe and effective in the treatment of gynecological tumors.

Immunotherapeutic strategy based on anti-OX40L and low dose of IL-2 to prolong graft survival in sensitized mice by inducing the generation of CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs.

Alloreactive memory cells play a critical role after a second transplant and are difficult to suppress. This study investigated the effect of an immunotherapeutic strategy that combines anti-OX40L, rapamycin (Rapa), and a low dose of IL-2 in a memory cell-based adoptive model. In this model, the median survival time (MST) of the grafts of the combined treatment group was significantly extended compared to that of the control group and other treatment groups. A similar effect was observed regarding a reduction in memory T cells (Tm) and inflammatory cytokines production. Also, the percentages of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) increased in our model. In addition, mounting evidence has shown CD8+CD122+ T cells are also Tregs. We found that the group of CD8+CD122+PD1+ T cells was markedly increased in the combined treatment group, especially in the graft. We further demonstrated that CD8+CD122+PD1+ T cells could suppress activated T cells. Our data suggest that anti-OX40L combined with Rapa and a low dose of IL-2 can suppress Tm, modulate CD4 and CD8 Tregs, and induce long-term heart allograft survival in sensitized mice.

Stabilized green rusts for aqueous Cr(VI) removal: Fast kinetics, high iron utilization rate and anti-acidification.

Green rusts (GRs) are redox active towards contaminants but they are not stable for long distance transport during the soil and groundwater remediation. In this study, green rust chloride (GR) was stabilized by selected regents, including silicate (Si), phosphate (P), fulvic acid (FA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and bone char (BC), then these stabilized GR, collectively named GR-X, would be further applied for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The stabilization experiment demonstrated that the release of Fe(II) from GR was effectively suppressed by above reagents, enabling at least 50% lower Fe(II) leaching from the stabilized GR-X than that from the pristine GR. The intact hexagonal GR plates and crystallinity were also confirmed by the SEM images and XRD patterns after storage for 7 days, indicating the stable structure of GR-X was remained. In the Cr(VI) removal tests, Cr(VI) was eliminated by GR-X in seconds with a Fe(II) utilization efficiency over 90%. The Cr species examination demonstrated that the GR-X was able to transfer Cr(VI) into stable Cr(III)-Fe(III) precipitates (Fe-Mn oxides fraction). After Cr(VI) removal tests, all reactors were exposed to the air for 1 week to monitor pH fluctuation and evaluated the risk of acidification. The results indicate that, except for GR-Si system, the other post-remediation systems are stable and the pH buffering ability of GR-X could avoid acidification and lower the Cr leaching risk.

Efficacy and safety of CT-guided 125I brachytherapy in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has become the most common cancer type and the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. The aim of the present retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided 125I brachytherapy alone in elderly patients with NSCLC. A total of 26 elderly patients with NSCLC stage I-III who had an inoperable lesion or progressive disease following radio-chemotherapy were treated with CT-guided 125I seed implantation for lung lesions and included in the present study. The prescribed dose of 125I brachytherapy was 80-140 Gy, and dosimetric verification was performed immediately after the procedure. The response rate (RR) and local control rate (LCR) were analyzed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (version 1.1). Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Safety and complications were also documented. All patients were aged 65-85 years (median age, 77 years) and successfully completed the procedure, and the median follow-up time was 9.4 months (range, 3-31 months). After a 6-month follow-up, for pulmonary lesions, complete response (CR) was achieved in 11 (42.3%) cases, partial response in 9 (34.6%) cases, stable disease in 4 (15.4%) cases and progressive disease in 2 (7.7%) cases. The 6-month RR and LCR were 76.9 (20/26) and 92.3% (24/26), respectively. The mean overall survival (OS) time was 11.7±7.6 months and the 0.5- and 1-year OS rates were 90.1 and 73.3%, respectively. Tumor-related symptoms in patients were significantly alleviated following the procedure. No severe complications occurred during and after the procedure of 125I seed implantation. In conclusion, CT-guided 125I brachytherapy is a feasible, effective and safe therapy and may be considered as an alternative option to surgery and radiotherapy for elderly patients with NSCLC.

125I brachytherapy seeds implantation for an inoperable large retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma.

Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma is relatively uncommon. Leiomyosarcoma has accounted for about 5%-10% of soft-tissue sarcoma, and 1/2-2/3 of the primary lesions were retroperitoneal, with a cumulative 5-year survival rate of only 35%.Leiomyosarcoma is one kind of soft-tissue sarcoma with the lowest survival rates due to the invasive growth, difficult treatment, and poor prognosis.The present study reported a case of a 78-year-old male diagnosed as left retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma, who had received three operations. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a mass of approximately 12.9 cm × 6.9 cm × 6.6 cm in his retroperitoneal region. The Eastern cooperative oncology group and numerical rating scale scores of pain were 1 and 5, respectively. Multiple treatment strategies were administered, including the application of drainage and125I seed implantation. A total of 90125I seeds were implanted into the tumor through repetitious operations, with 30 seeds each time. Treatment planning system was involved to calculate the source distribution.125I seeds with the activity of 0.5 mCi were implanted under the guidance of CT, and dosimetric verification was performed after the operation. D90 (90% minimum prescription dose received by target volume) was 40 Gy. Follow-up was performed after 6 months, and complete response was achieved in the local lesions. However, there was no evidence-based treatment currently and the majority of our knowledge was based on results from case reports, thus further studies would be required.